Molecular sequences and references have been obtained from GenBank and PubMed of NCBI.
Part of the experimental and predicted data of FSDB has been obtained from RECODE.
The pseudoknot structure data of PseudoBase has been used when confirming the pseudoknot structure of FSDB.
The stimulatory structures downstream the slippery sequence were predicted by pknotsRG.
The frameshift cassettes and open reading frames were predicted and visualized by FSFinder.
The RNA secondary structures and pseudoknots were visualized by PseudoViewer.